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Updated September 2026 · Free reference guideMaterial Density Chart: Approximate Tons per Cubic Yard
Density converts a volume estimate into an approximate weight. Actual bulk density varies with moisture, grading, compaction and composition.
Approximate bulk density
| Material | Approx. tons/yd³ |
|---|---|
| Unscreened topsoil | 1.10 |
| Screened topsoil | 1.00 |
| Garden soil / blend | 0.90 |
| Compost | 0.60 |
| Shredded bark mulch | 0.40 |
| Wood chip mulch | 0.45 |
| Pine straw / bark nuggets | 0.30 |
| Rubber mulch | 0.60 |
| Pea gravel | 1.35 |
| River rock | 1.35 |
| Crushed stone | 1.40 |
| Crusher run / road base | 1.50 |
| Decomposed granite | 1.30 |
Use the density
Estimated tons = cubic yards × tons per cubic yard
For example, 5 yd³ at 1.40 tons/yd³ gives an estimate of 7.0 tons. This is a planning calculation, not a certified shipment weight.
Why density varies
Moisture, particle size, void space, organic content and compaction can change bulk density. For delivery and freight planning, use supplier data whenever possible.